Evaluation of the NNECDSG Score in a Brazilian public hospital.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the observed incidence of mediastinitis and strokes versus the expected incidence according to the NNECDSG score (Northern New England Cardiovascular Disease Study Group) in a population submitted to coronary artery bypass graft surgery. METHODS: A retrospective consultation was made of medical records of all patients submitted to isolated CABG from January 1st, 2000 to December 31st, 2004, at the Cardiac Surgery Service of the Triângulo Mineiro Federal University (UFTM). Data regarding the incidences of observed mediastinitis and strokes and those estimated by the NNECDSG score were submitted to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test. A comparison was achieved using the paired Student t test, with the level of significance determined as p=0.05. RESULTS: A group of 230 patients were analyzed, including 144 (62.60%) men and 86 (37.39%) women. Sixty-one (26.52%) presented with diabetes, 30 (13.04%) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 23 (10%) had peripheral vascular disease (PVD). Emergency surgery occurred in 34 (14.78 %) cases. In 37 (16.08%) patients an ejection fraction (EF) of less than 40% was identified. Mediastinitis occurred in 12 (5.21%) patients and despite the greater general incidence in the sample studied, no statistical significance was found. Strokes occurred in 12 patients (5.21%) and in spite of the higher mean percentage incidence of observed strokes for all scores, a level of statistical significance was not found. CONCLUSIONS: Although the incidences of mediastinitis and strokes were greater in the population studied, these values showed no statistical significance, confirming the score recommended by the NNECDSG as a safe and efficient method for predicting postoperative mediastinitis and strokes in patients submitted to myocardial revascularization surgery in the UFTM.

Avaliação do Escore NNECDSG em um hospital público brasileiro / Evaluation of the NNECDSG Score in a Brazilian public hospital

OBJETIVO: Comparar as incidências observadas de mediastinite e acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) versus as incidências esperadas pelo escore NNECDSG (Northern New England Cardiovascular Disease Study Group), em população submetida à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio. MÉTODO: Foram analisados, retrospectivamente, os prontuários de todos os pacientes submetidos à CRVM isolada, no período de 1/1/2000 a 31/12/2004, no Serviço de Cirurgia Cardíaca da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM). Foi aplicado o escore proposto pelo NNECDSG e calculadas as incidências esperadas de mediastinite e AVC para cada paciente. Os dados de incidência observados e a incidência estimada pelo escore do NNECDSG foram submetidos ao teste de normalidade de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. A comparação foi realizada pelo teste t-Student pareado. O nível de significância foi de alfa=0,05. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 230 pacientes, sendo 144 (62,60 por cento) homens e 86 (37,39 por cento) mulheres. Sessenta e um (26,52 por cento) doentes apresentavam diabetes, 30 (13,04 por cento), doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) e 23 (10 por cento), doença vascular periférica (DVP). Cirurgia de urgência aconteceu em 34 (14,78 por cento) casos. Trinta e sete (16,08 por cento) pacientes tinham uma fração de ejeção (FE) menor que 40 por cento. Mediastinite ocorreu em 12 (5,21 por cento) pacientes. Apesar da incidência geral de mediastinite ter sido maior nesta amostra, não houve significância estatística. AVC ocorreu em 12 (5,21 por cento) pacientes. Apesar da incidência percentual média de AVC observada ter sido maior, não atingiu nível de significância estatística. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar das incidências de mediastinite e AVC terem sido maiores na população estudada, estes valores não atingiram significância estatística, sendo o escore preconizado pela NNECDSG um método seguro e eficaz na predição de mediastinite e AVC pós-operatórios nos pacientes submetidos à CRVM na UFTM.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the observed incidence of mediastinitis and strokes versus the expected incidence according to the NNECDSG score (Northern New England Cardiovascular Disease Study Group) in a population submitted to coronary artery bypass graft surgery. METHODS:A retrospective consultation was made of medical records of all patients submitted to isolated CABG from January 1st, 2000 to December 31st, 2004, at the Cardiac Surgery Service of the Triângulo Mineiro Federal University (UFTM). Data regarding the incidences of observed mediastinitis and strokes and those estimated by the NNECDSG score were submitted to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test. A comparison was achieved using the paired Student t test, with the level of significance determined as p=0.05. RESULTS:A group of 230 patients were analyzed, including 144 (62.60 percent) men and 86 (37.39 percent) women. Sixty-one (26.52 percent) presented with diabetes, 30 (13.04 percent) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 23 (10 percent) had peripheral vascular disease (PVD). Emergency surgery occurred in 34 (14.78 percent) cases. In 37 (16.08 percent) patients an ejection fraction (EF) of less than 40 percent was identified. Mediastinitis occurred in 12 (5.21 percent) patients and despite the greater general incidence in the sample studied, no statistical significance was found. Strokes occurred in 12 patients (5.21 percent) and in spite of the higher mean percentage incidence of observed strokes for all scores, a level of statistical significance was not found. CONCLUSIONS: Although the incidences of mediastinitis and strokes were greater in the population studied, these values showed no statistical significance, confirming the score recommended by the NNECDSG as a safe and efficient method for predicting postoperative mediastinitis and strokes in patients submitted to myocardial revascularization surgery in the UFTM.

Coronary fistula resembling patent ductus arteriosus

Criança, do sexo feminino, 14 anos de idade, apresentando quadro clínico de insuficiência cardíaca e sopro, suspeitando-se de persistência do canal arterial. Durante a investigação diagnóstica, foi realizado ecocardiograma e coronariografia que evidenciou uma fístula entre a artéria coronária esquerda e o ventrículo direito. A paciente foi submetida a tratamento cirúrgico, sendo o ramo anômalo abordado por meio de ligadura direta do seu orifício, com auxílio de circulação extracorpórea. A coronariografia pós-operatória não evidenciou fluxo pela fístula e demonstrou fluxo normal pelos demais ramos da artéria coronária esquerda. No seguimento de sete anos, a paciente encontra-se livre de sintomas.

Hipoplasia congênita isolada do ventrículo direito / Congenital isolated hypoplasia of the right ventricle

Two cases of congenital trabecular hypoplasia of the right ventricle are reported. In the first, the neonatal diagnosis was missed and the child did well until the 13th month of life when a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt was done because of increasing cyanosis. Outcome was good until the 4th year of life when symptomatic atrioventricular block was detected in an emergency situation. A bidirectional Glenn anastomosis and pacemaker implantation were successfully carried out after clinical establization and the child is doing well up to now. The second case presents the disease with its worst features: severe cyanosis and acidosis in the first day of life. A modified Blalock-Taussig shunt was performed and death occurred soon after the operation.

Experiência inicial com a ventriculectomia parcial esquerda no tratamento da insuficiência cardíaca terminal / Initial experience with partial left ventriculectomy as a treatment for end-stage heart failure

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of left ventriculectomy, on a short term basis, as a treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure. METHODS: From February to June 1995, 7 patients with end-stage heart failure underwent partial left ventriculectomy. Before the surgical procedure, 7 (100) patients were in functional class IV. Three (42) patients needed inotropic support for hemodynamic stability. The mean daily dose of furosemide was l48.67 +/- 128.27 mg, of captopril 87.50 +/- 95.20 mg and of digoxin 0.23 +/- 0.04. Mean left ventricular diastolic dimension determined by 2-D echocardiography was 78.29 +/- 12.63 mm, mean left ventricular ejection fraction, determined by radionuclide ventriculography, was 0.15 +/- 0.05 whereas mean transpulmonary gradient and pulmonary vascular resistance in Wood units, determined by right heart catheterization, were 16.80 +/- 8.80 and 6.57 +/- 3.22, respectively. RESULTS: Sixty days after the surgery, the mean functional class was 1.71 +/- 0.48 (p = 0.009), the mean left ventricular diastolic dimension 64.67 +/- 11.41 mm (p = 0.02) and the mean left ventricular ejection fraction 0.22 +/- 0.04 (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: The left ventriculectomy is a promising treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure.

Objetivo - Avaliar a eficácia da ventriculectomia parcial esquerda, a curto prazo, no tratamento de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca terminal. Métodos - De fevereiro a junho de 1995, 7 pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca terminal foram submetidos a ventriculectomia parcial esquerda. Antes do procedimento cirúrgico, os 7 (100%) pacientes apresentavam-se em grau funcional IV. Três (42%) pacientes faziam uso de inotrópicos para estabilização hemodinâmica. A dose média de furosemide era de 148,67 ± 128,17mg/dia, a de captopril 87,50 ± 95,20mg/dia e a de digoxina 0,23 ± 0,04mg/dia. A dimensão diastólica média do ventrículo esquerdo (VE), medida ecocardiograficamente, era de 78,29 ± 12,63mm, a fração de ejeção média do VE, determinada radioisotopicamente, era de 0,15 ± 0,05, enquanto que o gradiente transpulmonar e a resistência vascular pulmonar, em unidades Wood, estabelecidos por cateterismo, eram de 16,80 ± 8,80 e 6,57 ± 3,22, respectivamente. Resultados - Após 60 dias do procedimento cirúrgico, a classe funcional era, em média, 1,71 ± 0,48 (p= 0,009), a dimensão diastólica média do VE de 64,67 ± 11,41mm (p=0,02) e a fração de ejeção do VE 0,22 ± 0,04 (p=0,02).Conclusão - A ventriculectomia esquerda é um tratamento promissor para pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca termina